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Rola centrálných bank v rȏznych interpretáciach Veľkej depresie
Makita, Matej
Bachelor thesis concerns the role of central bank of USA in different interpreta-tions of Great depression. First part describes outbreak and impacts of crisis on economy of United States of America and explaining causes of origin crisis from interpretation John Maynard Keynes and representatives of monetarist. Subsequently the role of Federal reserve system is identified in both theoretical explanations along with comparison of these interpretations. In the next part there is introduced policy of Federal Reserve System and discussion about importance of central bank during financial crisis from 2008. The main aim of bachelor thesis is to identify the role of central bank in different interpretations of the Great depression from theoretical view of John Maynard Keynes and representatives of monetarist.
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Oprávněnost intervencí ČNB na devizovém trhu
Hynková, Marie
Hynková, M. The eligibility of the CNB interventions in the foreign exchange mar-ket. Diploma thesis. Brno: Mendel University in Brno, 2018. This diploma thesis deals with the monetary policy of the Czech National Bank after the financial crisis. The monetary policy of the CNB is compared with doings of the Federal Reserve and the European Central Bank. Attention is paid to the monetary policy of the CNB and to the reasons why the CNB has provided inter-ventions on the foreign exchange market in order to depreciate the CZK/EUR ex-change rate. The diploma thesis described in detail foreign exchange interventi-ons, which the CNB acceded on November 7, 2013, and subsequently abandoned them on April 6, 2017. The CNB wanted to influence the impending deflationary development in the country, so the diploma thesis also deals with the consequen-ces caused by the use of this non-conventional tool. The work also evaluates the benefits and costs of foreign exchange interventions. The empirical part of the diploma thesis demonstrates the relationship of inflation and the exchange rate CZK/EUR. There is also an appreciation of factors influencing the development of inflation during the intervention period.
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Role Federálního Rezervního Systému v ekonomice USA
Selitrennikova, Irina ; Gevorgyan, Kristine (advisor) ; Brůna, Karel (referee)
The main goal of this bachelor thesis is to analyze the Central Bank of the United States, the Federal Reserve Bank, to define its role during two serious crises and to research changes occurred to FED's incomes. The thesis is divided into four chapters. The first chapter is dedicated to three entities which Federal Reserve consists of, the second one obtains the historical information about the reasons of its foundation and chronological chain of events preceding it. The Great Depression, The Great Recession and the actions of the FRS that were undertaken during these periods are described in the third chapter. After the recent crisis that occurred in 2008 the structure and amount of FED's incomes changed a lot. I devoted the fourth chapter of this bachelor thesis to the analysis of reasons of these changes and its consequences.
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Relation between central bank independence and accountability at the example of quantitative easing of the ECB and the Fed in 2005 - 2016
Pýchová, Jitka ; Ševčík, Miroslav (advisor) ; Řežábek, Pavel (referee)
The thesis deals with relation between central bank independence and accountability. The relation is examined on example of quantitative easing implemented in the period 2005 - 2016 by the European central bank and the Federal Reserve System. From the theoretical and practical point of view the thesis proves that the relation between central bank independence and accountability are influenced by the specification of targets of monetary policy to a great extent. The thesis also proves that the specific definition of both central bank independence and accountability influenced the characteristics of quantitative resp. credit easing. Moreover, such monetary policy can potentially endanger the independence of both central banks in many ways. Thus, the implementation of quantitative easing itself and its potential consequences evidences that the contemporary conception of central bank independence and accountability is insufficient and needs to be reviewed.
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The Great Inflation of the 1970s and it's impact on the contemporary FED
Hornát, Filip ; Zukerstein, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Fiřtová, Magdalena (referee)
This paper deals with the period of the 1970s Great Inflation in the United States and its impact on the present Federal Reserve System. The seventies after the oil shock were in the United States a period of the so-called stagflation, a mix of high inflation, high unemployment and economic stagnation, or recession. The role of the Fed in this era is discussed. The main thesis of this paper is that the Fed during the Great Inflation has changed markedly, with the basic goals and approaches remaining at the Fed till nowadays. An analysis of the period is made. The author concludes that the period of the Great Inflation really had a major impact on the transformation of the Fed, which more closely resembles its present form than in the post-war era.
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International capital flows during Federal Reserve's monetary policy normalization
Hrabánek, Tomáš ; Brůna, Karel (advisor) ; Pour, Jiří (referee)
The text deals with monetary policy normalization in USA and its influence on cross-border capital flows to emerging markets. The first chapter provides basic economic theory of capital flows. Federal Reserve's monetary policy normalization is discussed in the second chapter, including its relation to international flows of capital. The last chapter analyzes monetary policy normalization influence on capital flows to three developing countries.
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Fed's Easy Money Policy during Alan Greenspan's presidency in Board of Governors (1987-2006)
Mašek, František ; Johnson, Zdenka (advisor) ; Tajovský, Ladislav (referee)
The main theme of the work is the Fed's monetary policy during the time, when chairman of the Board of Governors was Alan Greenspan. The greatest attention is aimed at the influence of Fed's expansive monetary policy on the so-called dot-com bubble and later mortgage crisis, which subsequently developer into the financial crisis. Through a thorough analysis of many scientific papers written by known economists and my own analysis and evalution I opine that the effect of expansionary monetary policy on the bubble in technological assets and mortgage crisis is rather minor. Fed subordinated all actions to achieve its monetary policy objectives, so criticism of its conducted monetary policy is essentially a critique of these objectives as such. I consider the emergence of new technologies and the so-called theory of feedback as the main cause of dot-com bubble. In the mortgage crisis and subsequent financial crisis as main determinants I consider reluctance of goverment officials strongly regulate activities of investment banks and other investment companies, moral hazard, failure of rating agencies, and federal support for home ownership coupled with the deregulation of the financial sector.
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Causes of the formation of bubbles in financial markets, Ant model
Kuncman, Lukáš ; Soukup, Alexandr (advisor) ; Otakar, Otakar (referee)
The thesis deals with bubbles in financial markets, causes these bubbles and the ant model. The aim is to reveal the causes of bubbles in financial markets. Researched bubbles are dot-com, mortgages and crypto-currencies. In the first teoretical part are described the financial markets, investment instruments, theory of the business cycle, investment analysis and historical speculative bubbles. In the second practical part are identified the causes examined speculative bubbles. In the third part are summarized the results of the practical part.
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The comparison of the constitutional conceptions of selected central banks of the world from perspectives of the CNB
Pospíšilová, Kateřina ; Kuba, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Matula, Miloš (referee)
The master´s thesis is about the conceptions of the Czech National Bank, the Federal Reserve System, the European Central Bank and People's Bank of China. It focuses on the comparison of these conceptions with the created universal model of the central bank and its parameters, and finds out that the selected central banks are lot away from this model. Important is also a perspective of the Czech National Bank after joining the euro area and the fact that at this moment her role will be replaced by the European Central Bank. The European Central Bank, compared with the Federal Reserve and the People's Bank deviates the least from its inflation target and therefore is pretty close to reach a price stability. However, ECB clearly financed some government debts, and that is inconsistent with the law. In conclusion can be noted that the central banks of the Czech Republic, the United States and the euro area reach the high level of freedom and are independent of the other components of state power and vice versa People's Bank of China remains strongly dependent on the executive power.
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